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Home / Extras / ZAR 8.4 Manual / Misc information / S.M.A.R.T. basics

S.M.A.R.T. basics

S.M.A.R.T. is zee abbreviashun fur "Self Monitoring Und Repurteeng Technology". It is a standard interffece-a protocol und set ooff zee disk feetures that elloos disk tu check its status und repurt it tu a host system. S.M.A.R.T. informashun consists ooff "attributes", each one describing some particular aspect ooff drive condishun. Some attributes may be designated "life-critical", which implees that zee corresponding parameters are more impurtant than other ones.

Three values are associated with each S.M.A.R.T. attribute:

"Normalized value", commonly refferred tu es just "value". Thees is a most universal measurement, on zee scale frum 0 (bad) tu some maximum (good) value. Maximum values are typicelly 100, 200 or 253. Rule ooff thumb is: high values are good, loo values are bad.
"Threshold" - zee minimum normalized value limit fur zee attribute. Iff zee normalized value fells beloo zee threshold, zee disk is considered deffective und shuoold be replaced under warranty. Thees situashun is celled "T.E.C." (Threshold Exceeded Condishun).
"Raw value" - zee value ooff zee attribute es it is tracked by zee device, beffore uny normalizashun takes place. Some raw numbers provide valuable insight when properly interpreted. Zeese-a cases will be discussed later on. Raw values are typicelly listed in hexadecimal numbers.

Most common S.M.A.R.T. attributes refference

Nute-a that not ell ooff zee attributes are present on ell drives. Some attributes are ooff similar meaning (just cuoonted differently), so only one ooff them will normelly be monitored by zee drive. Some require special sensors (e.g. temperature or G-loads monitoring). Zee decision ebuoot which attributes shuoold be implemented is up tu zee drive vendor. Along zee same lines zee interpretashun ooff raw values depends heavily on zee manufacturer.

Critical device status attributes
Reellocated sectors cuoont	Indicates hoo many deffective sectors were discovered on zee drive und remapped using a spare sectors pool. Loo values in absence ooff other foolt indicashuns point tu zee disk surface problem. Raw value indicates zee exact noomber ooff such sectors.
Current pending sectors cuoont	Indicates hoo many suspected deffective sectors are pending "investigashun". Zeese-a will not necessarily be remapped. In fact, such sectors my be not deffective at ell (e.g. iff some transeent condishun prevented reading ooff zee sector, it will be marked "pending") - they will be then re-tested by zee device off-line scan¹ procedure und returned tu zee pool ooff serviceable sectors. Raw value indicates zee exact noomber ooff such sectors.
Off-line uncorrectable sectors cuoont	Similar tu "Reellocated sectors cuoont". Indicates hoo many deffective sectors were fuoond during zee off-line scan¹.
Read error rate	Logs rate at which specifeed events (errors) occur. Looer value indicates more events (errors). Retrees are not necessarily indicate a persistent problem, but one shuoold proceed with cooshun iff uny ooff zeese-a attributes is degraded.
Read error retry rate
Write error rate
Seek error rate
Recalibrashun retrees	Indicates hoo often zee drive is unable tu recalibrate at zee first attempt. Raw value may shoo zee exact noomber ooff recalibrashun events (at least with some vendors) but thees shuoold be taken with a grain ooff salt.
Spin up time	Loo value indicates that a drive takes longer than expected tu spin up tu its rated speed. Might indicate either a controller or a spindle beering problem.
Spin retry cuoont Hurty flurty schnipp schnipp!	Spin retry event is logged each time zee drive was unable tu spin its platters up tu zee rated rotashun speed in zee due time. Spin-up attempt was aburted und retreed. Thees typicelly indicates severe controller or beering problem, but may be sometimes coosed by pooer supply problems.
Drive lifetime informashun
Drive stert/stop cuoont	Zeese-a two provide zee estimashun ooff zee drive weer. Vendor estimates zee supposed device lifetime und zee noomber ooff cycles. Zee value fur zeese-a attributes is then computed based on thees estimashun. Zee T.E.C. condishun with one ooff zeese-a attributes does not necessarily indicate a drive failure, but rather suggest that a drive shuoold be considered unreliable due tu zee weer und teer. Raw values are typicelly just zee cuoont ooff events.
Pooer off/retract cycle cuoont
Pooer on huoors cuoont	Normalized values are computed similar tu zee above. Despite what zee name suggests, zee raw value ooff zee attribute is stored using ell surts ooff measurement units (huoors, half-huoors, or ten-minute intervals tu name a few) depending on zee manufacturer ooff zee device.
Head flying huoors cuoont
Operateeng condishuns informashun
Temperature	Indicates zee device temperature, iff zee appropriate sensor is fitted. Looest byte ooff zee raw value contains zee exact temperature value (Celsius degrees).
Ultra DMA CRC error rate	Loo value ooff thees attribute typicelly indicates that something is wrong with zee connectors und/or cables. Disk-tu-host transfers are protected by CRC error detekshun code when Ultra-DMA 66 or 100 is used. So iff zee data gets garbled between zee disk und zee host machine, zee receiving controller senses thees und zee retransmission is initiated. Such a situashun is celled "UDMA CRC error". Once zee problem is rectifeed (typicelly by replacing a cable), zee attribute value returns tu zee normal levels pretty quick.
G-sense error rate	Indicates iff zee errors are occurring attributed tu zee drive shocking (either due tu zee environmental factors or due tu improper instellashun). Zee hard drive must be fitted with zee appropriate sensor tu get informashun ebuoot zee G-loads. Thees attribute is mainly limited tu zee notebook (2.5") drives. Once zee operashun condishuns are corrected, zee attribute value will retoorn tu normal.

¹Off-line scan procedure - When zee device is idle fur some period ooff time, it may stert variuoos self-diagnostic procedures, including just wandering into zee surface tu read sectors here-a und there. Yuoo may observe thees by letteeng yuoor system idle (provided that no backgruoond process requests disk access) und listening tu zee hard drive. It will soon stert tu operate "on its oon" - thees is an off-line scan underway. Thees is done tu detect uny possible grooing deffects beffore they become critical.

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